G-quadruplex DNA and RNA: Their roles in regulation of DNA replication and other biological functions
G-quadruplex is one of the best-studied non-B type DNA that is now known to be prevalently present in the genomes of almost all the biological species. Recent studies reveal roles of G-quadruplex (G4) structures in various nucleic acids and chromosome transactions.
In this short article, we will first describe recent findings on the roles of G4 in regulation of DNA replication. G4 is involved in regulation of spatio-temporal regulation of DNA replication through interaction with a specific binding protein, Rif1. This regulation is at least partially mediated by generation of specific chromatin architecture through Rif1-G4 interactions.
We will also describe recent studies showing the potential roles of G4 in initiation of DNA replication. Next, we will present showcases of highly diversified roles of DNA G4 and RNA G4 in regulation of nucleic acid and chromosome functions. Finally, we will discuss how the formation of cellular G4 could be regulated.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Dog | Rabbit DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is not conjugated.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 565.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 655.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 680.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 700.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with APC/Cy7.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 350.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 405.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 488.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Streptavidin.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Alkaline Phosphatase.
Vaccination with Messenger RNA: A Promising Alternative to DNA Vaccination
The first proof-of-concept studies about the feasibility of genetic vaccines were published over three decades ago, opening the way for future development. The idea of nonviral antigen delivery had multiple advantages over the traditional live or inactivated pathogen-based vaccines, but a great deal of effort had to be invested to turn the idea of genetic vaccination into reality.
Although early proof-of-concept studies were groundbreaking, they also showed that numerous aspects of genetic vaccines needed to be improved. Until the early 2000s, the vast majority of effort was invested into the development of DNA vaccines due to the potential issues of instability and low in vivo translatability of messenger RNA (mRNA).
In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the outstanding abilities of mRNA to elicit potent immune responses against infectious pathogens and different types of cancer, making it a viable platform for vaccine development. Multiple mRNA vaccine platforms have been developed and evaluated in small and large animals and humans and the results seem to be promising. RNA-based vaccines have important advantages over other vaccine approaches including outstanding efficacy, safety, and the potential for rapid, inexpensive, and scalable production.
There is a substantial investment by new mRNA companies into the development of mRNA therapeutics, particularly vaccines, increasing the number of basic and translational research publications and human clinical trials underway. This review gives a broad overview about genetic vaccines and mainly focuses on the past and present of mRNA vaccines along with the future directions to bring this potent vaccine platform closer to therapeutic use.
Atypical structures of GAA/TTC trinucleotide repeats underlying Friedreich’s ataxia: DNA triplexes and RNA/DNA hybrids
Expansion of the GAA/TTC repeats in the first intron of the FXN gene causes Friedreich’s ataxia. Non-canonical structures are linked to this expansion. DNA triplexes and R-loops are believed to arrest transcription, which results in frataxin deficiency and eventual neurodegeneration.
We present a systematic in silico characterization of the possible DNA triplexes that could be assembled with GAA and TTC strands; the two hybrid duplexes [r(GAA):d(TTC) and d(GAA):r(UUC)] in an R-loop; and three hybrid triplexes that could form during bidirectional transcription when the non-template DNA strand bonds with the hybrid duplex (collapsed R-loops, where the two DNA strands remain antiparallel).
For both Y·R:Y and R·R:Y DNA triplexes, the parallel third strand orientation is more stable; both parallel and antiparallel protonated d(GA+A)·d(GAA):d(TTC) triplexes are stable. Apparent contradictions in the literature about the R·R:Y triplex stability is probably due to lack of molecular resolution, since shifting the third strand by a single nucleotide alters the stability ranking.
In the collapsed R-loops, antiparallel d(TTC+)·d(GAA):r(UUC) is unstable, while parallel d(GAA)·r(GAA):d(TTC) and d(GA+A)·r(GAA):d(TTC) are stable. In addition to providing new structural perspectives for specific therapeutic aims, our results contribute to a systematic structural basis for the emerging field of quantitative R-loop biology.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Dog | Rabbit DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is not conjugated.
DNA Damage-Binding Protein 1 (DDB1) Antibody (Biotin)
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 565.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 655.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 680.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 700.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with APC/Cy7.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 350.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 405.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 488.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Streptavidin.
DNA Damage Inducible Transcript 4 Like (DDIT4L) Antibody (Biotin)
The role of active-site amino acid residues in the cleavage of DNA and RNA substrates by human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease APE1
Background: Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease APE1 is one of participants of the DNA base excision repair pathway. APE1 processes AP-sites and many other types of DNA damage via hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond on the 5′ side of the lesion. APE1 also acts as an endoribonuclease, i.e., can cleave undamaged RNA.
Methods: Using pre-steady-state kinetic analysis we examined the role of certain catalytically important amino acids in APE1 enzymatic pathway and described their involvement in the mechanism of the target nucleotide recognition.
Results: Comparative analysis of the cleavage efficiency of damaged DNAs containing an abasic site, 5,6-dihydrouridine, or α-anomer of adenosine as well as 3′-5′-exonuclease degradation of undamaged DNA and endonuclease hydrolysis of RNA substrates by mutant APE1 enzymes containing a substitution of an active-site amino acid residue (D210N, N212A, T268D, M270A, or D308A) was performed. Detailed pre-steady-state kinetics of conformational changes of the enzyme and of DNA substrate molecules during recognition and cleavage of the abasic site were studied.
Conclusions: It was revealed that substitution T268D significantly disturbed initial DNA binding, whereas Asn212 is critical for the DNA-bending stage and catalysis. Substitution D210N increased the binding efficacy and blocked the catalytic reaction, but D308A decreased the binding efficacy owing to disruption of Mg2+coordination. Finally, the substitution of Met270 also destabilized the enzyme-substrate complex but did not affect the catalytic reaction.
General significance: It was found that the tested substitutions of the active-site amino acid residues affected different stages of the complex formation process as well as the catalytic reaction.
Boster's The EZ-Spin Column Plasmid DNA Miniprep Kit provides a very fast and simple plasmid miniprep method for routine molecular biology laboratory applications. This innovative technology has dramatically transformed traditional lysis-based preps by significantly reducing the number of steps associated with conventional processes.
_x000D__x000D_
DNA is selectively adsorbed in silica gel-based EZ-10 column and other components/impurities, such as proteins, salts, nucleotides, oligos (<40-mer), are washed away. In order to maximize the recovery yield of plasmid DNA, a color indicator-VisualLyse is added to the buffer which prevents insufficient or over-lysis during lysis and neutralization step. The DNA is then eluted off the column and can be used for any downstream applications. The purification method used in these protocols does not require use of phenol, chloroform, or CsCl. The DNA is purified without an additional step of ethanol precipitation. The yield can be Up to 10µg of DNA per column. _x000D_
Miniprep Kit For Plasmid DNA Extraction And Purification
Description: A rapid test for detection of antibodies (IgG and IgM) for 2019-nCoV, the novel Coronavirus from the Wuhan strain. The test is easy to perform, takes 10 minutes to provide reliable results and is higly specific to the 2019-nCoV Coronavirus.
Description: The Biolipidure-1002-Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA in tubidimetric immunoassays. Biolipidure-1002 is an excellent blocker and also enhances assay sensitivity. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-103-Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. It has been shown to enhance signals in rapid tests, western blots, and other similar immunochromatographic assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-103-Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. It has been shown to enhance signals in rapid tests, western blots, and other similar immunochromatographic assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-1201 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-1201 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-1301 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-1301 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-203 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-203 has been shown to enhance signal strength by improving signal-to-noise in ELISAs, EIAs, and related immunoassays. It also functions as an effective blocker and stabilizer in these assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-203 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-203 has been shown to enhance signal strength by improving signal-to-noise in ELISAs, EIAs, and related immunoassays. It also functions as an effective blocker and stabilizer in these assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-206 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-206 enhances signal strength, functions as an effective blocker, and stabilizes proteins and antibodies in ELISAs, EIAs, and related immunoassays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-206 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-206 enhances signal strength, functions as an effective blocker, and stabilizes proteins and antibodies in ELISAs, EIAs, and related immunoassays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-405 Reagent is a synthetic anionic polymer that can be used to enhance immunochromatographic assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-405 Reagent is a synthetic anionic polymer that can be used to enhance immunochromatographic assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-502 Reagent is a synthetic cationic polymer. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-502 Reagent is a synthetic cationic polymer. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-702 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
Description: The Biolipidure-702 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement
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Expanded DNA and RNA Trinucleotide Repeats in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Select Their Own Multitarget, Sequence-Selective Inhibitors
There are few methods available for the rapid discovery of multi-target drugs. Herein, we describe the template-assisted, target-guided discovery of small molecules that recognize d(CTG) in the expanded d(CTG·CAG) sequence and the r(CUG) transcript that cause myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1).
A positive cross-selection was performed using a small library of 30 monomeric alkyne- and azide-containing ligands capable of producing more than 5000 possible di- and trimeric click products. The monomers were incubated with d(CTG)16 or r(CUG)16 under physiological conditions and both sequences showed selectivity in the proximity-accelerated azide-alkyne [3+2]-cycloaddition click reaction.
The limited number of click products formed in both selections and the even smaller number of common products suggests that this method is a useful tool for the discovery of single-target and multi-target lead therapeutic agents.
CRISPR-Mediated Depletion of Ribosomal RNA-Derived DNA from RNA-Seq NGS Libraries
Although messenger RNA (mRNA) is the focus of much RNA research, it constitutes a relatively small fraction of total RNA in a cell. Most cellular RNA is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and removal of this RNA is is desirable in many RNA-Seq studies in order to maximize capacity of the sequencing instrument and reduce costs.
We have employed the CRISPR Cas9 double-stranded DNA endonuclease to develop a different method of rRNA removal for RNA-Seq studies. Here we show data from the CRISPR treatment of rRNA sequences from RNA-Seq libraries prepared from three different bacteria and Homo sapiens.
DNA/RNA Electrochemical Biosensing Devices a Future Replacement of PCR Methods for a Fast Epidemic Containment
Pandemics require a fast and immediate response to contain potential infectious carriers. In the recent 2020 Covid-19 worldwide pandemic, authorities all around the world have failed to identify potential carriers and contain it on time. Hence, a rapid and very sensitive testing method is required.
Current diagnostic tools, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR (qPCR), have its pitfalls for quick pandemic containment such as the requirement for specialized professionals and instrumentation. Versatile electrochemical DNA/RNA sensors are a promising technological alternative for PCR based diagnosis. In an electrochemical DNA sensor, a nucleic acid hybridization event is converted into a quantifiable electrochemical signal.
A critical challenge of electrochemical DNA sensors is sensitive detection of a low copy number of DNA/RNA in samples such as is the case for early onset of a disease. Signal amplification approaches are an important tool to overcome this sensitivity issue. In this review, the authors discuss the most recent signal amplification strategies employed in the electrochemical DNA/RNA diagnosis of pathogens.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Dog | Rabbit DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is not conjugated.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 565.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 655.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 680.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 700.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with APC/Cy7.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 350.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 405.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 488.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Streptavidin.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Alkaline Phosphatase.
Cell Cycle Checkpoints Cooperate to Suppress DNA– and RNA-Associated Molecular Pattern Recognition and Anti-Tumor Immune Responses
The DNA-dependent pattern recognition receptor, cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase), mediates communication between the DNA damage and the immune responses. Mitotic chromosome missegregation stimulates cGAS activity; however, it is unclear whether progression through mitosis is required for cancercell-intrinsic activation of anti-tumor immune responses.
Moreover, it is unknown whether cell cycle checkpoint disruption can restore responses in cancer cells that are recalcitrant to DNAdamage-induced inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that prolonged cell cycle arrest at the G2-mitosis boundary from either excessive DNA damage or CDK1 inhibition prevents inflammatory-stimulated gene expression and immune-mediated destruction of distal tumors. Remarkably, DNAdamage-induced inflammatory signaling is restored in a RIG-I-dependent manner upon concomitant disruption of p53 and the G2 checkpoint.
These findings link aberrant cell progression and p53 loss to an expanded spectrum of damage-associated molecular pattern recognition and have implications for the design of rational approaches to augment anti-tumor immune responses.
corbettresearch
DNA and RNA Oxidative Damage Markers Monoclonal Antibody
Description: DNA damage can manifest in the formation of apurinic or apyrimidinic (AP or abasic) sites. Such spontaneous base loss in mammalian cells has been estimated at between 50,000 and 200,000 sites per day. Unrepaired abasic sites can inhibit transcription and may be mutagenic. Our OxiSelect Oxidative DNA Damage Quantitation Kit provides a simple, user-friendly method for the quantitaiton DNA damage in the form of abasic sites. The assay uses an Aldehyde Reactive Probe (ARP) to specifically react with an aldehyde group on the open ring of the AP site. This allows the AP site to be labeled with Biotin, followed by detection with Streptavidin-Enzyme conjugate.
Description: Recently oxidative RNA damage has been described in conjunction with a wide variety of neurological diseases including Alzheimer?s disease, Parkinson?s disease, Dementia with Lewy Bodies, prion disease, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. We have developed an easy-to-use ELISA for the detection of the most common marker of RNA damage: 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG).
OxiSelect Oxidative DNA Damage ELISA Kit (8-OHdG Quantitation) (1 plate)
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Dog | Rabbit DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is not conjugated.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 565.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 655.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 680.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 700.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with APC/Cy7.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 350.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 405.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 488.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Streptavidin.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Alkaline Phosphatase.
A G-quadruplex-forming RNA aptamer binds to the MTG8 TAFH domain and dissociates the leukemic AML1-MTG8 fusion protein from DNA
MTG8 (RUNX1T1) is a fusion partner of AML1(RUNX1) in the leukemic chromosome translocation t(8;21). The AML1-MTG8 fusion gene encodes a chimeric transcription factor. One of the highly conserved domains of MTG8 is TAFH which possesses homology with human TAF4 [TATA-box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor].
To obtain specific inhibitors of the AML1-MTG8 fusion protein, we isolated RNA aptamers against the MTG8 TAFH domain using Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX). All TAF aptamers contained guanine-rich sequences. Analyses of a TAF aptamer by NMR, CD and mutagenesis revealed that it forms a parallel G-quadruplex structure in the presence of K+ .
Furthermore, the aptamer could bind to the AML1-MTG8 fusion protein and dissociate the AML1-MTG8/DNA complex, suggesting that it can inhibit the dominant negative effects of AML1-MTG8 against normal AML1 function and serve as a potential therapeutic agent for leukemia.
DNA–RNA Heteroduplex Oligonucleotide for Highly Efficient Gene Silencing
Heteroduplex oligonucleotides (HDOs) were a novel type of nucleic acid drugs based on an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) strand and its complementary RNA (cRNA ) strand.
HDOs were originally designed to improve the properties of RNase H-dependent ASOs and we reported in our first paper that HDOs conjugated with an α-tocopherol ligand (Toc-HDO ) based on a gapmer ASO showed 20 times higher silencing effect to liver apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA in vivo than the parent ASO.
Thereafter the HDO strategy was found to be also effective for improving the properties of ASOs modulating blood-brain barrier function and ASO antimiRs which are RNase H-independent ASOs. Therefore, the HDO strategy has been shown to be versatile technology platform to develop effective nucleic acid drugs.
Site-selective RNA Functionalization via DNA-induced Structure
Methods for RNA functionalization at specific sites are in high demand, but remain a challenge, particularly for RNAs produced by transcription rather than by total synthesis. Recent studies have described acylimidazole reagents that react in high yields at 2′-OHgroups stochastically at non-base-paired regions, covering much of the RNA in scattered acyl esters.
Localized reactions, if possible, could prove useful in many applications, providing functional handles at specific sites and sequences of the biopolymer. Here we describe a DNA-directed strategy for in vitro functionalization of RNA at site-localized 2′-OH groups. The method, RNA Acylation at Induced Loops (RAIL), utilizes complementary helper DNA oligonucleotides that expose gaps or loops at selected positions while protecting the remainder in DNA-RNA duplexes.
Reaction with an acylimidazole reagent is then carried out, providing high yields of 2′-OH conjugation at predetermined sites. Experiments reveal optimal helper oligodeoxynucleotide designs and conditions for the reaction, and tests of the approach are carried out to control localized ribozyme activities and to label RNAs with dual-color fluorescent dyes. The RAIL approach offers a simple and novel strategy for site-specific labeling and control of RNAs, potentially of any length and origin.
Optimization of a Method for the Simultaneous Extraction of Polar and Non-Polar Oxylipin Metabolites, DNA, RNA, Small RNA, and Protein from a Single Small Tissue Sample
A more comprehensive picture of tissue biology can be obtained through the application and integration of multiple omic technologies. However, the common challenge in working with a precious sample is having a sample too small to separately extract analytes of interest for each experiment. Considering the high heterogeneity that can be present in a single tissue sample, extracting all biomolecules from a single and undivided tissue is preferable because it allows direct comparison of results.
Here, we combined a modified Folch extraction method with DNA, RNA, small RNA, and protein extraction using two commercial kits, which allowed us to extract polar metabolites and non-polar oxylipin metabolites, DNA, RNA, small RNA, and protein simultaneously from a small tissue sample. The method was validated in terms of quantity and quality of analytes for downstream analyses.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Dog | Rabbit DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is not conjugated.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 565.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 655.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 680.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 700.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with APC/Cy7.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 350.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 405.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 488.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Streptavidin.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Alkaline Phosphatase.
EPISCORE: cell type deconvolution of bulk tissue DNA methylomes from single-cell RNA-Seq data
Cell type heterogeneity presents a challenge to the interpretation of epigenome data, compounded by the difficulty in generating reliable single-cell DNA methylomes for large numbers of cells and samples. We present EPISCORE, a computational algorithm that performs virtual microdissection of bulk tissue DNA methylation data at single cell-type resolution for any solid tissue.
EPISCORE applies a probabilistic epigenetic model of gene regulation to a single-cell RNA-seq tissue atlas to generate a tissue-specific DNA methylation reference matrix, allowing quantification of cell-type proportions and cell-type-specific differential methylation signals in bulk tissue data. We validate EPISCORE in multiple epigenome studies and tissue types.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Dog | Rabbit DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is not conjugated.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 565.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 655.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 680.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 700.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with APC/Cy7.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 350.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 405.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 488.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Streptavidin.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Alkaline Phosphatase.
Genetic Characterization of Three Distinct Mechanisms Supporting RNA-Driven DNA Repair and Modification Reveals Major Role of DNA Polymerase ζ
DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) are dangerous lesions threatening genomic stability. Fidelity of DSB repair is best achieved by recombination with a homologous template sequence. In yeast, transcript RNA was shown to template DSB repair of DNA. However, molecular pathways of RNA-driven repair processes remain obscure.
Utilizing assays of RNA-DNA recombination with and without an induced DSB in yeast DNA, we characterize three forms of RNA-mediated genomic modifications: RNA- and cDNA-templated DSB repair (R-TDR and c-TDR) using an RNA transcript or a DNA copy of the RNA transcript for DSB repair, respectively, and a new mechanism of RNA-templated DNA modification (R-TDM) induced by spontaneous or mutagen-induced breaks.
While c-TDR requires reverse transcriptase, translesion DNA polymerase ζ (Pol ζ) plays a major role in R-TDR, and it is essential for R-TDM. This study characterizes mechanisms of RNA-DNA recombination, uncovering a role of Pol ζ in transferring genetic information from transcript RNA to DNA.
Compared DNA and RNA quality of breast cancer biobanking samples after long-term storage protocols in – 80 °C and liquid nitrogen
Molecular investigations are crucial for further developments in precision medicine. RNA sequencing, alone or in combination with further omic-analyses, resulted in new therapeutic strategies. In this context, biobanks represent infrastructures to store tissue samples and body fluids in combination with clinical data to promote research for new predictive and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic candidate molecules.
Until today, the optimal storage conditions are a matter of debate especially with view to the storage temperature. In this unique approach we compared parallel samples from the same tumour, one half stored at – 80 °C and one half in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen, with almost identical pre-analytical conditions. We demonstrated that RNA isolated from breast cancer samples revealed significantly higher RINe-values after 10 years of storage in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen compared to storage at – 80 °C. In contrast, no significant difference was found regarding the DIN-values after DNA isolation.
Morphological changes of the nucleus and cytoplasm, especially in the samples stored at – 80 °C, gave insights to degenerative effects, most possibly due to the storage protocol and its respective peculiarities. In addition, our results indicate that exact point-to point documentation beginning at the sample preparation is mandatory.
Naphthalene diimide-amino acid conjugates as novel fluorimetric and CD probes for differentiation between ds-DNA and ds-RNA
Two novel unnatural amino acids, prepared by linking a dicationic purple-coloured and fluorescent naphthalene diimide (NDI) at core position to amino acid side chains of variable length, strongly interacted with ds-DNA/RNA by threading intercalation. Different from a reference NDI dye with identical visible range absorbance (520-540 nm) and Stokes shifts in emission (+60 nm, quantum yield > 0.2), only these amino acid-NDI conjugates showed selective fluorimetric response for GC-DNA in respect to AT(U)-polynucleotides.
The DNA/RNA binding-induced circular dichroism (ICD) response of NDI at 450-550 nm strongly depended on the length and rigidity of the linker to the amino acid unit, which controls the orientation of the NDI unit inside within the intercalative binding site. The ICD selectivity also depends on the type of polynucleotide, thus the studied NDI dyes act as dual fluorimetric/ICD probes for sensing the difference between here used GC-DNA, AT-DNA and AU-RNA.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Dog | Rabbit DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is not conjugated.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 565.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 655.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 680.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with ATTO 700.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with APC/Cy7.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 350.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 405.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 488.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Dylight 633.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Streptavidin.
Description: A monoclonal antibody from clone 15A3 against Human | Mouse | Rat | Bovine | Monkey | Rabbit | Pig | Dog | Hamster | Chicken | Sheep | Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) DNA/RNA Damage. The host species for the production of this antibody is Mouse. The antigen used for immunization is 8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and ?casein conjugates. The antibody is tested and validated for IHC, ICC/IF, ELISA, DB, IP, FCM, FA assays with the following recommended dilutions: IHC (1:1000). This MAb for DNA/RNA Damage is conjugated with Alkaline Phosphatase.